NAD+ (Not a Peptide)
NAD+, a coenzyme, regulates cellular metabolism and stress responses by serving as a substrate for sirtuins (SIRT1/3) and PARP enzymes, modulating DNA repair, mitochondrial function, and cellular senescence. It supports redox reactions critical for energy production and activates longevity pathways, offering anti-aging and neuroprotective benefits. NAD+ supplementation is studied for metabolic health.